Physicists, engineers, and others from india and korea describe the history of luminescence. Structuremechanical property correlations in mechanochromic. Fundamentals and applicationschinese edition paperback march 1, 2011 by hong guang yan author see all formats and editions hide other formats and editions. Mikhail brik, institute of physics, university of tartu the members of research group are highly experienced in experimental and theoretical research of the electronic properties of optical materials, including the study of excitation, energy relaxation and luminescence processes in wide bandgap insulator materials of various morphologies. Luminescent materials or phosphors, mostly are solid inorganic materials consisting of a host lattice, usually intentionally doped fig. This book explores the aggregationinduced emission aie effect, which has opened new avenues for the development of advanced luminogenic materials in. Though the effects of arene substituents on difluoroboron. Mechanochromic fluorescent materials rsc publishing. Chapter 3 mechanochromic fluorescent materials rsc. A dihedralanglecontrolled mechanochromic luminescent.
To date, most mcl materials only change between two colors, limiting their applications. By enabling light emission in the practically useful solid state, aie has the potential to significantly expand the technological applications of luminescent materials. Electrochromic materials and devices wiley online books. Most mcl materials generate two colors by switching between a stable state and one metastable state. In addition, transfer of energy through the lattice can take place. A novel mechanochromic elastomer based on silicone rubber and coumarin 6 dye have been prepared with various concentrations of the dye ranges from 2wt. Solidstateemissive materials often exhibit mechanochromic luminescence mcl, i. The mechanochromic luminescence phenomenon was first reported in the lowcost mechanochemical mc synthesis process of a covalent organic framework coftpma mc prepared using triformylphloroglucinol tp and melamine ma as precursors, which shows excellent performance as a hydroxyl radical. Mechanochromic luminescence ml references to intensity andor color changes of solidstate luminescent materials induced by mechanical forces. Organic crystalline compounds to our best knowledge, the first organic compound that exhibits mechanoresponsive.
Polymorphismdependent and mechanochromic luminescent. Photoluminescent materials that exhibit tunable emission properties when subjected. Mechanochromic behavior of a luminescent elastomer under. Modulation of luminescence chromic behaviors and environment. Mechanochromic fluorescent materials are smart materials with fluorescent properties that change in response to external force stimuli. Recent investigations into mechanochromic luminescent metal complex materials have been presented. The international research team comprising of chemists at osaka. History of luminescence from ancient to modern times. Mechanochromic luminescence based on crystaltocrystal.
Recent advances in mechanochromic luminescent metal complexes. Pdf mechanochromic luminescence ml refers to the luminescence color andor intensity change of solidstate materials induced by mechanical. Adrian kitai is professor in the department of materials science and engineering engineering physics at mcmaster university canada. The impact of luminescence in technological scale intechopen. The first part of this book describes the different classes and processing techniques of electrochromic materials. Examples on mc luminescent materials are rare before the discovery of mc luminescence in aggregationinduced emission aie luminogens. Prominent international figures in mechanofluorochromism consider the innovative research in this field over the last ten years. Mechanochromic fluorescent or mechanofluorochromic materials change their emission colours spectra when an appropriate external mechanical force stimulus is applied. This special topic volume in the defect and diffusion forum series brings together nine papers on luminescent materials and their applications. Mechanochromic luminescent mcl materials are noted for their unique spectral. Luminescent material an overview sciencedirect topics. One material, three colors asian scientist magazine.
Luminescent inorganicorganic hybrid semiconductor materials. Mechanochromic luminescent metal complexes have recently attracted considerable interest as smart materials for use in the fields of luminescence switches, mechanosensors, mechanohistory indicators, security papers, optoelectronic devices, and data storage. Fundamentals and applicationschinese edition hong guang yan on. Luminescent materials can be used as sensors for measuring high temperature and pressure which is difficult to measure with other methods because of its ultra sensitivity. Mechanochromic fluorescent materials introduces the reader to the concept of mechanofluorochromism and the variety of applications of this group of materials. Adopting a didactical approach, professor ronda discusses all the underlying principles, such that both researchers as well as beginners in the field will profit from this book. The most primitive printed report of a solidstate luminescent material originated from a chinese text that was published in the song dynasty 9601279 a. Mechanochromic luminescent mcl materials, capable of changing their photophysical properties in response to mechanical stimuli, have formed an integral part of functional materials over the last 20 years. Mechanochromic fluorescent or mechanofluorochromic materials change their emission colours spectra when an. This pyrene derivative is the first example of a mechanochromic luminescent organic compound that responds to relative humidity. Mechanochromic widespectrum luminescence based on a monoboron complex. Establishing the mechanism responsible for the mechanochromism is always an.
Multicomponent specimens containing two different responsive spiropyrans enabled selective. These mechanochromic luminescent metal complex systems include znii, aui, ptii, agi, cui, aliii, iriii and heterodinuclear complexes. This is an important group of materials with a huge range of applications, including use in sensors, memory chips, security inks, and light devices. Mechanochromic luminescence news newspapers books scholar jstor may 2017 learn how and when to remove this template message. This feature has evoked a growing interest in the last decades, thanks to the progress of chromogenic molecules whose optical characteristics and chemical functionalities allow their effective insertion in many thermoplastic and thermoset matrices. Progress report mechanoresponsive luminescent molecular. Organic mechanochromic luminescent materials are under extensive research because of their potential applications in sensors and security. Tunable solid state emission of novel vshaped fluorophores by subtle. Efficient and versatile mechanochromic luminescence of. An emerging class of materials yoshimitsu sagara, shogo yamane, masato mitani, christoph weder and takashi kato dr.
The focus is on the inorganic side and the phenomena of. Chapters provide in depth coverage of most reported. In this, the only uptodate book on this key technology, the numberone expert in the field perfectly blends academic knowledge and industrial applications. Mechanochromic mc luminogens have found promising applications in mechanosensors, security papers, and optical storage for their change in emission behaviors in response to mechanical stimuli. Mechanochromic luminescence of aggregationinduced emission. The book introduces the concept and covers the main types of mechanofluorochromic materials and their synthesis, mechanofluorochromic properties and applications in sensors, memory chips, security inks and light devices. This perspective discusses the mc luminescence of aiegens. Mechanochromic behavior of a luminescent elastomer under tensile deformation jimin ha, yeon ju kim, kwangun jeong, changwoon nah bk21 plus haptic polymer composite research team, department of polymernano science and technology, chonbuk national university, jeonju 561756, republic of korea. Pdf luminescent mechanochromic porous coordination polymers. Mechanochromic luminescence of aggregationinduced emission luminogens american chemical society.
An ideal mechanochromic material should comprise high fluorescent quantum yield in the solid state, significant fluorescent change after mechanical stimulus. This distinguishes luminescence from incandescence, which is light emitted by a substance as a result of heating. The second part highlights nanostructured electrochromic materials and device fabrication, and the third part focuses on the applications such as smart windows, adaptive camouflage, biomimicry, wearable displays and fashion. Although the number of mechanochromic luminescent metal complexes is still limited to date, the unique properties of organometallic or coordination compounds should make these materials a novel source for mechanochromic fluorescent materials. Luminescent materials and applications describes a wide range of materials and applications that are of current interest including organic light emitting materials and devices, inorganic light emitting diode materials and devices, downconversion materials, nanomaterials, and powder and thinfilm electroluminescent phosphor materials and devices. Camera method for monitoring a mechanochromic luminescent.
Pdf mechanochromic luminescence ml refers to the luminescence color and or intensity change of solidstate materials induced by mechanical. Mechanoresponsive luminescent mrl compounds change their emission color upon mechanical treatment. Dec 03, 2007 in this, the only uptodate book on this key technology, the numberone expert in the field perfectly blends academic knowledge and industrial applications. Weder adolphe merkle institute, university of fribourg, chemin des verdiers 4, fribourg ch1700, switzerland. In chapter 3, mechanochromic luminescent metal complexes are described. The twisted conformations of aie luminogens aiegens with. When the device is released, the cracks of rigid uv shielding rigid film are closed, and thus the uv shielding layer can. Luminescent materials and applications adrian kitai. Mechano luminescent behavior of a pyridinecontaining anthracene derivative. An ideal mechanochromic material should comprise high fluorescent quantum yield in the solid state, significant fluorescent change after mechanical stimulus and high sensitivity to mechanical force. Luminescence is just as fascinating and luminescent materials are just as important as the number of books on these topics are rare.
Luminescent mechanochromic materials exhibiting reversible changes of their emissive properties in response to external mechanical forces are currently emerging as an important class of stimuliresponsive materials because of promising technological applications. For reproduction of material from all other rsc journals and books. Chapter 3 mechanochromic fluorescent materials rsc publishing. Mechanochromic luminescent mcl materials belong to mrl materials. For most of the mechanochromic luminescent mcl materials, their mechanisms are based on the phase transition. He was educated at mcmaster university and received his phd in electrical engineering from cornell university usa. Pdf donoracceptor type chalcones 14 were synthesized and their morphological properties were investigated for mechanochromic.
Principles and applications of aggregationinduced emission. Pdf a mechanistic investigation of mechanochromic luminescent. Furthermore, if ml arises from the formation of haggregates upon smearing, as postulated, substitution at the. Luminescence mechanochromism induced by cluster isomerization. Sep 10, 2015 sus631mechanoluminescence under tensile load for perforated sus631 supecimem. We have met many beginners in these fields who have asked for a book introducing them to luminescence and its applications, without knowing the appropriate answer. Some representative luminescent hybrid materials and their. Some representative luminescent hybrid materials and their properties are summarized in table 1 below.
A turnon mechanochromic luminescent material serving as. His research interests include fundamental luminescent materials, new luminescent devices, new avalanche injection devices and optical fiber. The book is aimed at postgraduate students physicists, electrical engineers, chemical engineers, materials scientists, and engineers and researchers in industry, for example, at lighting and display companies and academia involved in studying conduction in solids and electronic materials. Luminescent mechanochromic porous coordination polymers tian wen, xiaoping zhou, dexiang zhang, and dan li a chem. After evaporating the solvent, cured samples were prepared as thin films using compression molding at 170 c. High performance mechanochromic luminescent materials from.
Progress report mechanoresponsive luminescent molecular assemblies. Mar 09, 2017 mechanochromic luminescent mcl materials change their color in response to a change in their environment, like pressure and temperature. Mechanical stimulation grinding of this pyrene derivative in the solid state results in a change of the photoluminescence from yellow to green. It can be caused by chemical reactions, electrical energy, subatomic motions or stress on a crystal. Mechanoluminescent behavior of a pyridinecontaining anthracene derivative. Mechanochromic luminescence ml references to intensity andor color changes of solidstate luminescent materials induced by mechanical forces, such as rubbing, crushing, pressing, shearing, or smearing. Boydston department of chemistry and department of mechanical engineering, university of washington, seattle, washington 98195 united states. This is an important group of materials with a huge range of applications, including use in. Aggregationinduced emission by tang, ben zhong ebook.
Their vast accumulation has recently opened new possibilities for the application of pressure sensors,, haptic sensors, deformation detection 5,6, optical data storage, and smart materials 10,11. Luminescent mechanochromic materials are particularly appealing for the development of stimuliresponsive materials. For the luminescent mechanochromism system, uv shielding materials are used for the rigid film and different fluorescent dyes were incorporated into the elastic material. Mechanochromic luminescent ml materials have formed a significant part of optical functional materials. Mechanochromic luminescent materials with aggregationinduced. The absorption of energy takes place via either the host lattice or on impurities. Luminescence is spontaneous emission of light by a substance not resulting from heat. Mechanochromic luminescent covalent organic frameworks for. A catalogue record for this book is available from the british library isbn 9780470058183. In addition to printing photochromic and dual photo and mechanochromic pcl materials, we also prepare pcl containing a spiropyran unit that is selectively activated by mechanical impetus. The structure and mechanical properties of crystalline materials of three boron difluoride dibenzoylmethane bf2dbm derivatives were investigated to examine the correlation, if any, among mechanochromic luminescence ml behaviour, solidstate structure, and the mechanical behaviour of single crystals.
While there are many different ml active derivatives, few show room temperature selferasing. This mechanochromic luminescence material was developed by. Sep 26, 2016 a novel mechanochromic elastomer based on silicone rubber and coumarin 6 dye have been prepared with various concentrations of the dye ranges from 2wt. To date, most mcl materials only change between two. Mechanochromic behavior of a luminescent silicone rubber. Hundreds of mrl compounds have been studied, but their mechanically triggered response at elevated temperature has remained virtually unexplored.
Recent advances in mechanochromic luminescent metal. Applications is the first book to explore the hightech applications of aie luminogens, including technological utilizations of aie materials in. Environmental influences like pressure and temperature cause mechanochromic luminescent materials to change between two colors by switching between a stable state and a metastable state. Mechanochromic luminescent ml materials, which show a change in emission due to an applied mechanical stimulus, are useful components in a variety of applications, including organic lightemitting diodes, force sensors, optical memory storage, and nextgeneration lighting materials. Mechanochromic luminescence of copper iodide clusters.
Sus631mechanoluminescence under tensile load for perforated sus631 supecimem. This book explores the aggregationinduced emission aie effect, which has opened new avenues for the development of advanced luminogenic materials in the aggregate or solid state. Mechanochromic luminescent mcl materials change their color in response to a change in their environment, like pressure and temperature. The effect was wearing a veil in secrecy and illustrated consequently in the middle ages and past. Qualitative mechanical deformation tests show that the crystals of bf2dbmtbu2 can. Unlike triboluminescence which does not require additional excitation source other than force itself, ml is often manifested by external photoexcitation such as a uv lamp. Finally, cbme presented mechanochromic luminescence in the solid state. Apr 30, 2008 luminescent materials and applications describes a wide range of materials and applications that are of current interest including organic light emitting materials and devices, inorganic light emitting diode materials and devices, downconversion materials, nanomaterials, and powder and thinfilm electroluminescent phosphor materials and devices. Mechanochromic polymers are defined as materials that are able to detect a mechanical stress through an optical output.
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